Mapaipi Osefedwa
Kufotokozera kwa Zamalonda
Mapaipi olumikizidwa, omwe amadziwikanso kuti mapaipi achitsulo olumikizidwa, amapangidwa pozungulira mbale zachitsulo kapena timizere kukhala mawonekedwe a tubular kenako n’kulumikiza zolumikizira. Pamodzi ndi mapaipi osalumikizana, ndi amodzi mwa magulu awiri akuluakulu a mapaipi achitsulo. Zinthu zawo zazikulu ndi kupanga kosavuta, mtengo wotsika, komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu.
I. Kugawa Pakati: Kugawa Potengera Njira Yowotcherera
Njira zosiyanasiyana zowotcherera zimatsimikizira momwe mapaipi ovekedwa amagwirira ntchito. Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu:
• Chitoliro Cholumikizidwa Chachitali (ERW): Pambuyo popinda chingwe chachitsulocho kukhala chozungulira kapena cha sikweya, msoko umalumikizidwa motalikirana (kutalika) motsatira chubucho. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chikhale chogwira ntchito bwino komanso chotsika mtengo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale choyenera kunyamula madzi otsika mphamvu (monga madzi ndi gasi) komanso kugwiritsa ntchito pothandizira kapangidwe kake. Mafotokozedwe wamba amaphatikizapo mainchesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakati (nthawi zambiri ≤630mm).
• Chitoliro Cholukidwa ndi Spiral (SSAW): Chingwe chachitsulo chimakulungidwa mozungulira ndipo msoko umalukidwa nthawi imodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitolirocho chikhale cholukidwa ndi spiral. Msoko wolukidwa ndi wofanana kwambiri, womwe umapereka mphamvu yokoka komanso kupindika bwino poyerekeza ndi chitoliro cholukidwa ndi spiral seam. Izi zimathandiza kupanga mapaipi akuluakulu (mpaka 3,000mm m'mimba mwake) ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ponyamula madzi othamanga kwambiri (monga mapaipi amafuta ndi gasi wachilengedwe) ndi mapaipi otulutsira madzi m'matauni.
• Chitoliro chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri: Chopangidwa ndi pepala/chingwe chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chopangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira monga TIG (tungsten inert gas arc welding) ndi MIG (metal metal arc welding). Chili ndi dzimbiri komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri ngati chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndipo ndi choyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zapamwamba kwambiri, monga kukonza chakudya, mankhwala, ndi zida zachipatala. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapaipi ang'onoang'ono komanso apakati olondola.
II. Ubwino Waukulu
1. Mtengo Wotsika ndi Kupanga Kwambiri: Poyerekeza ndi chitoliro chopanda msoko (chomwe chimafuna njira zovuta monga kuboola ndi kuzunguliza), chitoliro cholumikizidwa chimapereka kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangira zambiri komanso njira yofupikitsa yopangira. Nthawi zambiri mtengo wake umakhala wotsika ndi 20%-50% poyerekeza ndi zomwezo. Kuphatikiza apo, chimatha kupangidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana komanso mosalekeza kuti chikwaniritse zosowa zazikulu.
2. Zofunikira Zosinthasintha: Mapaipi okhala ndi mainchesi osiyanasiyana (kuyambira mamilimita ochepa mpaka mamita angapo), makulidwe a khoma, ndi magawo osiyanasiyana (ozungulira, a sikweya, ndi amakona anayi) amatha kupangidwa nthawi iliyonse akafuna kuti akwaniritse zosowa za anthu osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zomangamanga ndi mafakitale.
3. Kukonza Kosavuta: Zipangizo zofanana ndi zolumikizira zokhazikika zimathandiza kudula, kuboola, kupindika, ndi ntchito zina zokonzera, kuonetsetsa kuti kuyikako kuli kosavuta.
III. Madera Ofunikira Ogwiritsira Ntchito
• Makampani Omanga: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapaipi operekera madzi ndi otulutsira madzi, mapaipi oteteza moto, zothandizira kapangidwe ka zitsulo (monga zomangira ndi zomangira makoma), mafelemu a zitseko ndi mawindo (mapaipi olumikizidwa a rectangular), ndi zina zotero.
• Gawo la Mafakitale: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mapaipi onyamulira madzi otsika mphamvu (madzi, mpweya wopanikizika, nthunzi), mapaipi othandizira zida, zotchingira malo ogwirira ntchito, ndi zina zotero; mapaipi ozungulira okhala ndi mainchesi akuluakulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapaipi amafuta ndi gasi wachilengedwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutali.
• Gawo la Manispa: Limagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapaipi otulutsa madzi m'mizinda, maukonde a mapaipi a gasi (apakati ndi otsika mphamvu), ma polima a magetsi a m'misewu, zotchingira magalimoto, ndi zina zotero.
• Moyo wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku: Mapaipi ang'onoang'ono olumikizidwa (monga mapaipi achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri) amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabulaketi a mipando ndi m'mitsempha ya kukhitchini (monga mapaipi otulutsa utsi wa range hood).
Kuwonetsera kwa Zamalonda
Zogulitsa zokhudzana nazo
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Chitoliro chachitsulo
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Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chozungulira ...
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304, 316L molondola capillary mkati ndi kunja ...
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Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chozungulira ...
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