Chitsulo chosamva kuvala

Zitsulo zosamva kuvala zimakhala ndi zitsulo zokhala ndi mpweya wochepa komanso wosanjikiza wosamva kuvala wa aloyi, wokhala ndi 1/3 mpaka 1/2 ya makulidwe ake onse. Panthawi yogwira ntchito, zinthu zoyambira zimapereka zinthu zambiri monga mphamvu, kulimba, ndi ductility kukana mphamvu zakunja, pamene alloy kuvala zosagwira wosanjikiza amapereka kukana kuvala mogwirizana ndi mmene ntchito zina.
Zosanjikiza zosagwirizana ndi alloy ndi zinthu zoyambira zimamangidwa ndi zitsulo. Pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera komanso njira yowotcherera yodzichitira, kuuma kwambiri, waya wodziteteza wodziteteza kumawotcherera kuzinthu zoyambira. Chigawo chophatikizika chikhoza kukhala chimodzi, ziwiri, kapena zingapo. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma alloy shrinkage ratios, ming'alu yopingasa yofananira imayamba panthawi yoyanika, chizindikiro cha zitsulo zosagwira ntchito.
Chosanjikiza chosamva kuvala kwa alloy chimapangidwa ndi aloyi a chromium, ndi zinthu zina zophatikizira monga manganese, molybdenum, niobium, ndi faifi tambala. The carbides mu dongosolo metallographic ndi fibrous, ndi ulusi oriented perpendicular pamwamba. Carbide microhardness imatha kufika pa HV 1700-2000, ndipo kuuma kwapansi kumatha kufika HRC 58-62. Ma alloy carbides ndi okhazikika kwambiri pakutentha kwambiri, amakhalabe olimba kwambiri komanso kukana kwa okosijeni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kugwira ntchito mkati mwa kutentha mpaka 500 ° C.
Zosanjikiza zosavala zimatha kuwoneka zopapatiza (2.5-3.5mm) kapena zazikulu (8-12mm), komanso zopindika (S ndi W). Zopangidwa makamaka ndi ma aloyi a chromium, ma aloyiwa amakhala ndi manganese, molybdenum, niobium, nickel, ndi boron. Ma carbides amagawidwa mumtundu wa fibrous muzitsulo za metallographic, ndi ulusi womwe ukuyenda mozungulira pamwamba. Ndi carbide zili 40-60%, microhardness imatha kufika pa HV1700, ndipo kuuma kwa pamwamba kumatha kufika HRC58-62. Mambale achitsulo osamva kuvala amagawidwa m'magulu atatu: cholinga chanthawi zonse, chosagwira ntchito komanso chosamva kutentha kwambiri. Kukhuthala konse kwa mbale zachitsulo zosavala zimatha kukhala zazing'ono ngati 5.5 (2.5 + 3) mm komanso zonenepa ngati 30 (15+15) mm. Zitsulo zosamva kuvala zimatha kukulungidwa mu mapaipi osamva kuvala okhala ndi mainchesi ochepera a DN200, ndipo amatha kusinthidwa kukhala zigongono zosamva kuvala, mateyala osamva kuvala komanso zochepetsera zosamva kuvala.