Zipangizo zachitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri zimaphatikizapo chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, aluminiyamu, ma profiles a aluminiyamu oyera, zinki, mkuwa, ndi zina zotero. Nkhaniyi ikuyang'ana kwambiri aluminiyamu ndi ma alloys ake, ndikuyambitsa njira zingapo zodziwika bwino zochizira pamwamba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa iwo.
Aluminiyamu ndi zitsulo zake zimakhala zosavuta kukonza, njira zabwino zochizira pamwamba, komanso zotsatira zabwino zowoneka, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zambiri. Ndinawonapo kanema wowonetsa momwe chipolopolo cha laputopu ya Apple chimagwiritsidwira ntchito kuchokera ku chidutswa chimodzi cha aluminiyamu pogwiritsa ntchito zida zochizira za CNC ndikuchizidwa ndi njira zingapo zochizira pamwamba, zomwe zimaphatikizapo njira zingapo zazikulu monga CNC milling, polishing, high gloss milling, ndi waya.
Pa aluminiyamu ndi aluminiyamu, chithandizo cha pamwamba chimaphatikizapo kudula kowala kwambiri/kudula kowala kwambiri, kuphulika kwa mchenga, kupukuta, kujambula waya, kudzola mafuta, kupopera, ndi zina zotero.
1. Kudula kowala kwambiri/kudula kowala kwambiri
Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodulira za CNC zolondola kwambiri kudula tsatanetsatane wa zida za aluminiyamu kapena aluminiyamu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malo owala kwambiri pamwamba pa chinthucho. Mwachitsanzo, zipolopolo zina zachitsulo za foni yam'manja zimaphwanyidwa ndi bwalo la ma chamfer owala, pomwe zidutswa zina zazing'ono zachitsulo zimaphwanyidwa ndi m'mphepete umodzi kapena ingapo yowala yowongoka kuti iwonjezere kuwala kwa pamwamba pa chinthucho. Mafelemu ena achitsulo a TV apamwamba amagwiritsanso ntchito njira yodulira yowala kwambiri. Pakudula kowala kwambiri/kudula kowala kwambiri, liwiro la chodulira chodulira chimakhala chapadera kwambiri. Liwiro likathamanga, ndiye kuti zodulira zimakhala zowala kwambiri. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, sizipanga zotsatira zowala ndipo zimakhala ndi mizere ya zida.
2. Kuphulitsa mchenga
Njira yophulitsira mchenga imatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito madzi othamanga kwambiri a mchenga pokonza malo achitsulo, kuphatikizapo kuyeretsa ndi kupukuta malo achitsulo, kuti pakhale ukhondo ndi kuuma pang'ono pamwamba pa aluminiyamu ndi aluminiyamu. Sikuti kungowonjezera mphamvu zamakina pamwamba pa gawolo, kukonza kukana kutopa kwa gawolo, komanso kuwonjezera kumatirira pakati pa pamwamba poyambirira pa gawolo ndi chophimba, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri kuti filimu yophikira ikhale yolimba komanso kuti ifanane ndi kukongoletsa chophimbacho. Zapezeka kuti pazinthu zina, zotsatira za kupanga pamwamba pa siliva wa ngale ya matte kudzera mu kuphulitsa mchenga zikadali zokongola kwambiri, chifukwa kuphulitsa mchenga kumapatsa pamwamba pa chitsulocho mawonekedwe osavuta a matte.
3. Kupukuta
Kupukuta kumatanthauza njira yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zamakina, mankhwala, kapena zamagetsi kuti muchepetse kuuma kwa pamwamba pa chinthu chogwirira ntchito kuti mupeze malo owala komanso athyathyathya. Kupukuta pa chipolopolo cha chinthucho sikumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuti kukhale kolondola kwa miyeso kapena kulondola kwa mawonekedwe a chinthu chogwirira ntchito (popeza cholinga chake si kuganizira za kusonkhana), koma kuti pakhale mawonekedwe osalala kapena onyezimira a galasi.
Njira zopukutira makamaka zimaphatikizapo kupukuta kwa makina, kupukuta kwa mankhwala, kupukuta kwa electrolytic, kupukuta kwa ultrasonic, kupukuta kwamadzimadzi, ndi kupukuta kwa maginito. Muzinthu zambiri zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu, zida za aluminiyamu ndi aluminiyamu nthawi zambiri zimapukutidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kupukuta kwa makina ndi kupukuta kwa electrolytic, kapena kuphatikiza njira ziwirizi. Pambuyo pa kupukuta kwa makina ndi kupukuta kwa electrolytic, pamwamba pa zida za aluminiyamu ndi aluminiyamu zimatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi pamwamba pa galasi la chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Magalasi achitsulo nthawi zambiri amapatsa anthu kumva kuphweka, mafashoni, komanso apamwamba, zomwe zimawapatsa chikondi pazinthu zilizonse. Galasi lachitsulo liyenera kuthetsa vuto la kusindikiza zala.
4. Kupaka mafuta
Nthawi zambiri, zigawo za aluminiyamu (kuphatikizapo aluminiyamu ndi aluminiyamu) sizili zoyenera kupangidwa ndi electroplating ndipo sizimapangidwa ndi electroplated. M'malo mwake, njira zamakemikolo monga anodizing zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza pamwamba. Kupangidwa ndi electroplating pa zigawo za aluminiyamu kumakhala kovuta kwambiri komanso kovuta kuposa kupangidwa ndi electroplating pa zipangizo zachitsulo monga chitsulo, zinc alloy, ndi mkuwa. Chifukwa chachikulu ndichakuti zigawo za aluminiyamu zimakhala ndi chizolowezi chopanga filimu ya oxide pa mpweya, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kumatira kwa chophimba cha electroplating; Ikamizidwa mu electrolyte, mphamvu ya electrode yoyipa ya aluminiyamu imatha kusunthika ndi ma ayoni achitsulo okhala ndi positive potential, motero imakhudza kumatira kwa wosanjikiza wa electroplating; Kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa zigawo za aluminiyamu ndi kwakukulu kuposa kwa zitsulo zina, zomwe zimakhudza mphamvu yolumikizirana pakati pa chophimba ndi zigawo za aluminiyamu; Aluminiyamu ndi chitsulo cha amphoteric chomwe sichili chokhazikika kwambiri mu njira zothetsera ma electroplating za acidic ndi alkaline.
Kusungunuka kwa anodic kumatanthauza kusungunuka kwa electrochemical kwa zitsulo kapena ma alloy. Potengera zinthu za aluminiyamu ndi aluminiyamu (zomwe zimatchedwa zinthu za aluminiyamu) ngati zitsanzo, zinthu za aluminiyamu zimayikidwa mu electrolyte yofanana ngati ma anode. Pansi pa mikhalidwe inayake ndi mphamvu yakunja, filimu ya aluminiyamu oxide imapangidwa pamwamba pa zinthu za aluminiyamu. Filimu ya aluminiyamu oxide iyi imawongolera kuuma kwa pamwamba ndi kukana kuwonongeka kwa zinthu za aluminiyamu, imawonjezera kukana dzimbiri kwa zinthu za aluminiyamu, komanso imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya kulowetsedwa kwa ma micropores ambiri mu filimu yopyapyala ya oxide, Kupaka utoto pamwamba pa zinthu za aluminiyamu kukhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongola komanso yowala, kukulitsa mawonekedwe amitundu ya zinthu za aluminiyamu ndikuwonjezera kukongola kwawo. Kusungunuka kwa anodi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu ma alloy a aluminiyamu.
Kupaka mafuta odzola kungathandizenso malo enaake kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana pa chinthu, monga kupaka mafuta odzola amitundu iwiri. Mwanjira imeneyi, mawonekedwe achitsulo a chinthucho amatha kuwonetsa kufananiza kwa mitundu iwiri ndikuwonetsa bwino ulemu wapadera wa chinthucho. Komabe, njira yopaka mafuta odzola amitundu iwiri ndi yovuta komanso yokwera mtengo.
5. Chojambula cha waya
Njira yojambulira waya pamwamba ndi njira yokhwima yomwe imapanga mizere yokhazikika pamwamba pa zitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito kugaya kuti ikwaniritse zokongoletsera. Kujambulira waya pamwamba pa zitsulo kumatha kuwonetsa bwino kapangidwe ka zitsulo ndipo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zambiri. Ndi njira yodziwika bwino yopangira zitsulo pamwamba ndipo anthu ambiri amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, zotsatira za kujambula waya wachitsulo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu monga kumapeto kwa nyali ya desiki, zogwirira zitseko, mapanelo otchingira loko, mapanelo ang'onoang'ono owongolera zida zapakhomo, masitovu osapanga dzimbiri, mapanelo a laputopu, zophimba mapulojekiti, ndi zina zotero. Kujambulira waya kumatha kupanga zotsatira zofanana ndi za satin, komanso zotsatira zina zomwe zili zokonzeka kujambulidwa ndi waya.
Malinga ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana za pamwamba, zojambula za waya zachitsulo zitha kugawidwa m'magawo awiri: waya wowongoka, waya wosakhazikika, zojambula za waya wozungulira, ndi zina zotero. Zotsatira za zojambula za waya zimatha kusiyana kwambiri. Zizindikiro zazing'ono za waya zitha kuwonetsedwa bwino pamwamba pa zigawo zachitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wojambula waya. M'mawonekedwe, zitha kufotokozedwa ngati kunyezimira kwa tsitsi kofewa komwe kumawala mu chitsulo chosawoneka bwino, zomwe zimapatsa chinthucho lingaliro la ukadaulo ndi mafashoni.
6. Kupopera
Cholinga cha kupopera pamwamba pa zigawo za aluminiyamu sikuti kungoteteza pamwamba pake, komanso kuwonjezera mawonekedwe a zigawo za aluminiyamu. Kupopera pamwamba pa zigawo za aluminiyamu kumaphatikizapo makamaka electrophoretic covering, electrostatic powder spraying, electrostatic liquid phase spraying, ndi fluorocarbon spraying.
Pa kupopera mankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito electrophoretic, ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi anodizing. Cholinga cha anodizing pretreatment ndikuchotsa mafuta, zinyalala, ndi filimu yachilengedwe ya oxide pamwamba pa zigawo za aluminiyamu, ndikupanga filimu yofanana komanso yapamwamba ya anodizing pamalo oyera. Pambuyo pa anodizing ndi electrolytic coloring ya zigawo za aluminiyamu, electrophoretic covering imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chophimba chomwe chimapangidwa ndi electrophoretic covering chimakhala chofanana komanso chopyapyala, chowonekera bwino, chokana dzimbiri, chokana nyengo, komanso chogwirizana ndi kapangidwe ka chitsulo.
Kupopera ufa wa electrostatic ndi njira yopopera ufa pamwamba pa zida za aluminiyamu kudzera mu mfuti yopopera ufa, ndikupanga filimu ya organic polymer, yomwe imagwira ntchito yoteteza komanso yokongoletsa. Mfundo yogwirira ntchito yopopera ufa wa electrostatic imafotokozedwa mwachidule ngati kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi yoipa pa mfuti yopopera ufa, kuyika pansi pa workpiece yokutidwa, kupanga munda wamagetsi wamagetsi wokwera pakati pa mfuti ndi workpiece, womwe ndi wothandiza popopera ufa.
Kupopera madzi pogwiritsa ntchito electrostatic liquid phase kumatanthauza njira yochizira pamwamba pa zinthu zopaka madzi pamwamba pa aluminiyamu alloy profiles kudzera mu electrostatic spray gun kuti apange filimu yoteteza komanso yokongoletsa ya organic polymer.
Kupopera fluorocarbon, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti "mafuta a curium", ndi njira yopopera yapamwamba kwambiri yokhala ndi mitengo yokwera. Zigawo zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito njira yopoperayi zimakhala ndi kukana bwino kutha, chisanu, mvula ya asidi ndi dzimbiri zina, kukana ming'alu yamphamvu komanso kukana UV, ndipo zimatha kupirira nyengo yovuta. Zophimba zapamwamba za fluorocarbon zimakhala ndi kuwala kwachitsulo, mitundu yowala, komanso mawonekedwe omveka bwino amitundu itatu. Njira yopopera fluorocarbon ndi yovuta kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri imafuna njira zingapo zopopera. Musanapopera, njira zingapo zokonzera ziyenera kuchitika, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri ndipo zimafuna zofunikira zambiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-22-2024