1. Makhalidwe a magwiridwe antchito, kagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi zochitika zoyenera
SA302GrB ndi mbale yachitsulo ya manganese-molybdenum-nickel yokhala ndi mphamvu zochepa yomwe ili mu muyezo wa ASTM A302 ndipo idapangidwira zida zotentha kwambiri komanso zopanikizika kwambiri monga zotengera zopanikizika ndi ma boiler. Makhalidwe ake akuluakulu ndi awa:
Makhalidwe abwino kwambiri a makina: mphamvu yokoka ≥550 MPa, mphamvu yotulutsa ≥345 MPa, kutalika ≥18%, ndi kulimba kwa mphamvu kumakwaniritsa muyezo wa ASTM A20.
Kuchita bwino kwa welding: kumathandiza kuwotcherera arc pamanja, kuwotcherera arc pansi pa nthaka, kuwotcherera ndi mpweya ndi njira zina, ndipo kutentha ndi chithandizo cha kutentha zimafunika pambuyo pa kuwotcherera kuti ming'alu isathe.
Kukana kutentha kwambiri komanso kukana dzimbiri: Kumakhalabe kokhazikika mkati mwa kutentha kogwirira ntchito kuyambira -20℃ mpaka 450℃, koyenera malo osungira zinthu monga ma acid ndi alkali.
Wopepuka komanso wamphamvu kwambiri: Pogwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kochepa kophatikiza, pomwe akuchepetsa kulemera kwa kapangidwe kake, mphamvu yonyamula mphamvu imawonjezeka ndipo mtengo wopanga zida umachepetsedwa.
Zochitika zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito: zida zofunika kwambiri m'magawo a petrochemicals, ma boiler a plant power, ma power plant a nyukiliya, kupanga magetsi amadzi, ndi zina zotero, monga ma reactor, ma heat exchangers, matanki ozungulira, ziwiya zopondereza ma reactor a nyukiliya, ma boiler drums, ndi zina zotero.
2. Zigawo zazikulu, magawo a magwiridwe antchito ndi mawonekedwe a makina
Kapangidwe ka mankhwala (kusanthula kusungunuka):
C (kaboni): ≤0.25% (≤0.20% pamene makulidwe ≤25mm)
Mn (manganese): 1.07%-1.62% (1.15%-1.50% pamene makulidwe ≤25mm)
P (phosphorous): ≤0.035% (miyezo ina imafuna ≤0.025%)
S (sulfure): ≤0.035% (miyezo ina imafuna ≤0.025%)
Si (silicon): 0.13%-0.45%
Mo (molybdenum): 0.41%-0.64% (miyezo ina imafuna 0.45%-0.60%)
Ni (nikeli): 0.40%-0.70% (mtundu wina wa makulidwe)
Magawo a magwiridwe antchito:
Mphamvu yokoka: 550-690 MPa (80-100 ksi)
Mphamvu yotulutsa: ≥345 MPa (50 ksi)
Kutalika: ≥15% pamene kutalika kwa geji kuli 200mm, ≥18% pamene kutalika kwa geji kuli 50mm
Mkhalidwe wa chithandizo cha kutentha: Kutumiza mu mkhalidwe wokhazikika, wokhazikika + wokhazikika kapena wolamulira wozungulira, chithandizo chokhazikika chikufunika pamene makulidwe >50mm.
Ubwino wa magwiridwe antchito a makina:
Kukhazikika kwa mphamvu ndi kulimba: Pa mphamvu yokoka ya 550-690 MPa, imasungabe kutalika kwa ≥18%, zomwe zimawonetsetsa kuti chipangizocho chizitha kupirira kusweka kosalimba.
Kapangidwe ka tirigu wosalala: Kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kukula kwa tirigu wosalala wa muyezo wa A20/A20M ndipo kumawonjezera kulimba kwa mphamvu yotsika kutentha.
3. Milandu yogwiritsira ntchito ndi ubwino wake
Makampani opanga mafuta:
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito: Kampani ya petrochemical imagwiritsa ntchito mbale zachitsulo za SA302GrB popanga ma reactor amphamvu kwambiri, omwe akhala akugwira ntchito mosalekeza kwa zaka 5 pa 400℃ ndi 30 MPa popanda ming'alu kapena kusintha.
Ubwino: Kukana bwino kwambiri dzimbiri la haidrojeni, komanso kuzindikira zolakwika za ultrasonic 100% kumatsimikizira chitetezo cha zida.
Malo opangira magetsi a nyukiliya:
Chogwiritsira ntchito: Chotengera cha mphamvu ya reactor cha fakitale yamagetsi ya nyukiliya chimagwiritsa ntchito mbale yachitsulo ya SA302GrB yokhala ndi makulidwe a 120mm. Kudzera mu normalizing + tempering treatment, kukana kwa radiation kumawonjezeka ndi 30%.
Ubwino: Kuchuluka kwa molybdenum pakati pa 0.45% ndi 0.60% kumaletsa kuuma kwa neutron radiation ndipo kumakwaniritsa zofunikira za ASME specifications.
Malo ophikira boiler a siteshoni yamagetsi:
Chogwiritsira ntchito: Drum ya boiler yofunikira kwambiri imagwiritsa ntchito mbale yachitsulo ya SA302GrB, yomwe imagwira ntchito pa 540℃ ndi 25 MPa, ndipo nthawi yake yogwirira ntchito imakulitsidwa mpaka zaka 30.
Ubwino: Mphamvu ya kutentha kwambiri nthawi yochepa imafika 690 MPa, yomwe ndi yopepuka ndi 15% kuposa chitsulo cha carbon ndipo imachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
Malo opangira magetsi pogwiritsa ntchito madzi:
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito: Chitoliro chamadzi chothamanga kwambiri cha siteshoni yamagetsi yamadzi chimagwiritsa ntchito mbale yachitsulo ya SA302GrB ndipo chimapambana mayeso 200,000 otopa pamalo a -20℃ mpaka 50℃.
Ubwino: Kulimba kwa kutentha kochepa (≥27 J pa -20℃) kumakwaniritsa zofunikira kwambiri pa nyengo ya mapiri.
4. Chitetezo, kuteteza chilengedwe ndi kufunika kwa mafakitale
Chitetezo:
Ndapambana mayeso a ASTM A20 (mphamvu ya V-notch impact ≥34 J pa -20℃), ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chiopsezo cha kusweka kwa brittle komwe kumatentha pang'ono ndi chochepera 0.1%.
Kuuma kwa dera lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi kutentha kwa weld ndi ≤350 HV kuti zisawonongeke chifukwa cha hydrogen.
Chitetezo cha chilengedwe:
Kuchuluka kwa molybdenum pakati pa 0.41% ndi 0.64% kumachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito nickel ndikuchepetsa kutulutsa kwa zitsulo zolemera.
Amatsatira malangizo a EU RoHS ndipo amaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zovulaza monga lead ndi mercury.
Kufunika kwa mafakitale:
Ili ndi 25% ya msika wapadziko lonse wa zitsulo zoyendera magetsi ndipo ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mphamvu za nyukiliya ndi zida za petrochemical.
Imathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwakukulu kuyambira -20℃ mpaka 450℃, ndipo imawongolera magwiridwe antchito a zida ndi 15%-20% poyerekeza ndi chitsulo chachikhalidwe cha kaboni.
Mapeto
Mbale yachitsulo ya SA302GrB yakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa zipangizo zamakono zamafakitale zotentha kwambiri komanso zopanikizika kwambiri chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zambiri, kukana dzimbiri komanso kuwotcherera kosavuta. Kutetezeka kwake, kuteteza chilengedwe komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yosasinthika m'magawo a mphamvu za nyukiliya, petrochemicals, mphamvu, ndi zina zotero, ndipo ikuyendetsa chitukuko cha zida zamafakitale kupita ku njira yothandiza komanso yotetezeka.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-04-2025