1. Makhalidwe a machitidwe, ntchito ndi zochitika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito
SA302GrB ndi otsika aloyi mkulu-mphamvu manganese-molybdenum-nickel aloyi mbale zitsulo ndi ASTM A302 muyezo ndipo anapangidwa kuti azitentha kwambiri ndi mkulu-kupanikizika zipangizo monga kuthamanga ziwiya ndi boilers. Makhalidwe ake ofunikira ndi awa:
Makina abwino kwambiri: kulimba kwamphamvu ≥550 MPa, kutulutsa mphamvu ≥345 MPa, elongation ≥18%, komanso kulimba kwamphamvu kumakwaniritsa muyezo wa ASTM A20.
Kuwotcherera kwabwino: kumathandizira kuwotcherera kwa arc, kuwotcherera kwamadzi, kuwotcherera kotetezedwa ndi gasi ndi njira zina, ndikuthira kutentha ndi kutentha kumafunika pambuyo pakuwotcherera kuti zisawonongeke.
Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kutentha ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri: Kumakhalabe kosasunthika mkati mwa kutentha kwa -20 ℃ mpaka 450 ℃, koyenera kumadera owononga TV monga ma acid ndi alkalis.
Kupepuka komanso mphamvu yayikulu: Kupyolera mu mapangidwe otsika a alloying, ndikuchepetsa kulemera kwa kapangidwe kake, mphamvu yonyamula mphamvu imapangidwa bwino ndipo mtengo wopangira zida umachepetsedwa.
Zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito: zida zazikulu pamagawo amafuta a petrochemicals, ma boiler opangira magetsi, malo opangira magetsi a nyukiliya, kupanga magetsi a hydropower, ndi zina zotere, monga ma reactors, zotenthetsera kutentha, akasinja ozungulira, zotengera zamphamvu zanyukiliya, ng'oma zowotchera, ndi zina zambiri.
2. Zigawo zazikulu, magawo a ntchito ndi makina opangira
Kapangidwe ka mankhwala (kusanthula kusungunuka):
C (mpweya): ≤0.25% (≤0.20% pamene makulidwe ≤25mm)
Mn (manganese): 1.07% -1.62% (1.15% -1.50% pamene makulidwe ≤25mm)
P (phosphorous): ≤0.035% (miyezo ina imafuna ≤0.025%)
S (sulfure): ≤0.035% (miyezo ina imafuna ≤0.025%)
Si (silicon): 0.13% -0.45%
Mo (molybdenum): 0.41% -0.64% (miyezo ina imafuna 0.45% -0.60%)
Nickel (nickel): 0.40% -0.70% (mtundu wina wa makulidwe)
Zosintha zamachitidwe:
Mphamvu yolimba: 550-690 MPa (80-100 ksi)
Mphamvu zokolola: ≥345 MPa (50 ksi)
Elongation: ≥15% pamene gauge kutalika ndi 200mm, ≥18% pamene n'zopimira kutalika ndi 50mm
Kutentha kutentha boma: Kutumiza mu normalizing, normalizing + tempering kapena ankalamulira anagubuduza boma, normalizing mankhwala chofunika pamene makulidwe> 50mm.
Ubwino wamakina:
Kukhazikika kwamphamvu komanso kulimba mtima: Pa 550-690 MPa kulimba kwamphamvu, imasungabe kutalika kwa ≥18%, kuwonetsetsa kuti zida zimatha kukana kuthyoka kwa brittle.
Kapangidwe kambewu kabwino: Imakwaniritsa zofunikira pakukula kwambewu muyeso ya A20/A20M ndikuwongolera kulimba kwa kutentha kochepa.
3. Milandu yogwiritsira ntchito ndi ubwino
Makampani a Petrochemical:
Mlandu wa ntchito: Bizinesi ya petrochemical imagwiritsa ntchito mbale zachitsulo za SA302GrB kupanga ma reactors othamanga kwambiri, omwe akhala akuyenda mosalekeza kwa zaka 5 pa 400 ℃ ndi 30 MPa popanda ming'alu kapena kupunduka.
Ubwino: Kukana kwabwino kwa hydrogen corrosion, ndipo 100% akupanga cholakwika kuzindikira kwa welds kumatsimikizira chitetezo cha zida.
Malo opangira magetsi a nyukiliya:
Mlandu wa ntchito: Chotengera chamagetsi chamagetsi cha nyukiliya chimatengera mbale yachitsulo ya SA302GrB yokhala ndi makulidwe a 120mm. Kupyolera mu chithandizo cha normalizing + kutentha, kukana kwa radiation kumatheka ndi 30%.
Ubwino: Zomwe zili mu Molybdenum za 0.45% -0.60% zimalepheretsa kuyimitsa kwa neutron ndipo zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za ASME.
Malo opangira boiler:
Mlandu wa ntchito: Ng'oma yotentha kwambiri imatengera mbale yachitsulo ya SA302GrB, yomwe imagwira ntchito pa 540 ℃ ndi 25 MPa, ndipo moyo wake wautumiki umakulitsidwa mpaka zaka 30.
Ubwino: Kutentha kwakanthawi kochepa mphamvu kumafika 690 MPa, yomwe ndi 15% yopepuka kuposa chitsulo cha carbon ndipo imachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
Malo opangira magetsi a Hydropower:
Mlandu wa ntchito: Chitoliro chamadzi chothamanga kwambiri cha hydropower station imatenga mbale yachitsulo ya SA302GrB ndikuyesa mayeso otopa 200,000 m'malo a -20 ℃ mpaka 50 ℃.
Ubwino: Kutentha kwamphamvu kwamphamvu (≥27 J pa -20 ℃) kumakwaniritsa zofunikira zanyengo zamadera amapiri.
4. Chitetezo, chitetezo cha chilengedwe komanso kufunika kwa mafakitale
Chitetezo:
Kuyesedwa kwa zotsatira za ASTM A20 (V-notch impact mphamvu ≥34 J pa -20 ℃), kuwonetsetsa kuti chiwopsezo cha kuphulika kwapang'onopang'ono ndi kosakwana 0.1%.
Kuuma kwa malo okhudzidwa ndi kutentha kwa weld ndi ≤350 HV kuteteza kusweka kwa hydrogen.
Chitetezo cha chilengedwe:
Zomwe zili molybdenum 0.41% -0.64% zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito faifi tambala komanso zimachepetsa mpweya wazitsulo zolemera.
Imatsatira malangizo a EU RoHS ndipo imaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zovulaza monga lead ndi mercury.
Kufunika kwa mafakitale:
Imawerengera 25% ya msika wapadziko lonse lapansi wamsika wazitsulo zachitsulo ndipo ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukhazikitsa mphamvu za nyukiliya ndi zida za petrochemical.
Imathandiza ntchito zosiyanasiyana kutentha osiyanasiyana kuchokera -20 ℃ mpaka 450 ℃, ndi bwino zida ntchito bwino ndi 15% -20% poyerekeza ndi chikhalidwe carbon zitsulo.
Mapeto
Mbale yachitsulo ya SA302GrB yakhala maziko a zida zamakono zamafakitale zotentha kwambiri komanso zopanikizika chifukwa champhamvu zake, kukana dzimbiri komanso kuwotcherera kosavuta. Kusamala kwake kwachitetezo, chitetezo cha chilengedwe komanso kutsika mtengo kumapangitsa kuti zisalowe m'malo mwa mphamvu za nyukiliya, petrochemicals, mphamvu, ndi zina zotero, ndipo zikuyendetsa chitukuko cha zida zamafakitale kupita kumayendedwe abwino komanso otetezeka.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-04-2025