Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mapaipi a American Standard (makamaka miyezo ya ASTM) ndi Chinese Standard (makamaka miyezo ya GB) kuli mu dongosolo lokhazikika, mawonekedwe a miyeso, magiredi azinthu, ndi zofunikira zaukadaulo. Pansipa pali kufananiza kwatsatanetsatane kokonzedwa:
1. Dongosolo Lokhazikika ndi Kukula kwa Ntchito
| Gulu | Muyezo wa ku America (ASTM) | Muyezo Wachi China (GB) |
|---|---|---|
| Miyezo Yaikulu | Mapaipi opanda msoko: ASTM A106, A53 Mapaipi achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri: ASTM A312, A269 Mapaipi olumikizidwa: ASTM A500, A672 | Mapaipi opanda msoko: GB/T 8163, GB/T 3087 Mapaipi achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri: GB/T 14976 Mapaipi olumikizidwa: GB/T 3091, GB/T 9711 |
| Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito | Msika wa ku North America, mapulojekiti apadziko lonse lapansi (mafuta ndi gasi, makampani opanga mankhwala), omwe amafuna kuti zinthu zitsatidwe monga API ndi ASME zitsatidwe. | Mapulojekiti am'dziko, mapulojekiti ena akumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, amagwirizana ndi zombo zopondereza zothandizidwa ndi GB komanso zomwe zimafunikira paipi |
| Maziko a Kapangidwe | Zimagwirizana ndi mndandanda wa ASME B31 (ma code opangidwira mapaipi opanikizika) | Zimagwirizana ndi GB 50316 (Khodi Yopangira Mapaipi a Zitsulo Zamakampani) |
2. Dongosolo Lofotokozera Magawo
Uku ndiye kusiyana kwapadera kwambiri, komwe kumayang'ana kwambiri zolemba za mainchesi a mapaipi ndi makulidwe a khoma.
Zolemba za Chitoliro cha Diameter
- Muyezo wa ku America: Umagwiritsa ntchito Kukula kwa Chitoliro Chodziwika (NPS) (monga, NPS 2, NPS 4) mu mainchesi, zomwe sizikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi m'mimba mwake weniweni wakunja (monga, NPS 2 ikufanana ndi m'mimba mwake wakunja wa 60.3mm).
- Muyezo Wachi China: Umagwiritsa Ntchito Nominal Diameter (DN) (monga, DN50, DN100) mu mamilimita, pomwe DN ili pafupi ndi m'mimba mwake wakunja wa chitoliro (monga, DN50 ikufanana ndi m'mimba mwake wakunja wa 57mm).
Mndandanda wa Makulidwe a Khoma
- American Standard: Imagwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wa Schedule (Sch) (monga, Sch40, Sch80, Sch160). Kukhuthala kwa khoma kumawonjezeka ndi nambala ya Sch, ndipo ma Sch osiyanasiyana amafanana ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana a khoma la NPS yomweyo.
- Muyezo Wachi China: Umagwiritsa ntchito kalasi yokhuthala pakhoma (S), kalasi yokakamiza, kapena kulemba mwachindunji makulidwe a khoma (monga, φ57×3.5). Miyezo ina imathandizanso kulemba zilembo za mndandanda wa Sch.
3. Magiredi a Zinthu ndi Kusiyana kwa Magwiridwe Antchito
| Gulu | Zinthu Zoyenera ku America | Zinthu Zofanana ndi Zachi China | Kusiyana kwa Magwiridwe Antchito |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chitsulo cha Kaboni | ASTM A106 Gr.B | Chitsulo cha GB/T 8163 Giredi 20 | ASTM Gr.B ili ndi sulfure ndi phosphorous yochepa komanso kulimba kwabwino kutentha kochepa; Chitsulo cha GB Giredi 20 chimapereka ndalama zambiri, choyenera pamavuto otsika mpaka apakati. |
| Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri | ASTM A312 TP304 | GB/T 14976 06Cr19Ni10 | Kapangidwe kofanana ka mankhwala; American Standard ili ndi zofunikira zolimba pakuyesa dzimbiri pakati pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, pomwe Chinese Standard imatchula mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yoperekera |
| Chitsulo Chochepa cha Aloyi | ASTM A335 P11 | GB/T 9948 12Cr2Mo | ASTM P11 imapereka mphamvu yokhazikika komanso yotentha kwambiri; GB 12Cr2Mo ndi yoyenera mapaipi a boiler a plant yamagetsi apakhomo |
4. Zofunikira Zaukadaulo & Miyezo Yoyesera
Kuyesa Kupanikizika
- Muyezo wa ku America: Kuyesa kwa hydrostatic ndi chinthu chofunikira chomwe chimayenera kukhala ndi njira zowerengera kupanikizika kolimba, mogwirizana ndi zomwe ASME B31 imafuna; kuyesa kosawononga (UT/RT) kumafunika pamapaipi ena opanikizika kwambiri.
- Muyezo Wachi China: Kuyesa kwa hydrostatic kungakambiranedwe ngati pakufunika ndi kupanikizika kocheperako kwa mayeso; gawo la mayeso osawononga limatsimikiziridwa ndi gulu la mapaipi (monga, kuyesa 100% kwa mapaipi a GC1-class).
Mikhalidwe Yotumizira
- Muyezo wa ku America: Mapaipi nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa ali mu mkhalidwe wabwinobwino + wofewa komanso zofunikira zowunikira pamwamba (monga pickling, passivation).
- Muyezo Wachi China: Ikhoza kuperekedwa mu zinthu zotenthedwa, zokokedwa ndi ozizira, zokhazikika, kapena zina zomwe zimakhala ndi zofunikira zosinthira pamwamba.
5. Kusiyana Kogwirizana mu Njira Zolumikizira
- Mapaipi a American Standard amagwirizanitsidwa ndi zolumikizira (flanges, elbows) zogwirizana ndi ASME B16.5, ndi ma flanges omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito malo otsekera a RF (Raised Face) ndi magulu opanikizika olembedwa kuti Kalasi (monga, Kalasi 150, Kalasi 300).
- Mapaipi a Standard aku China amagwirizanitsidwa ndi zolumikizira zogwirizana ndi GB/T 9112-9124, ndi ma flanges olembedwa ndi PN (monga, PN16, PN25) a magulu opanikizika. Mitundu ya pamwamba yotsekera imagwirizana ndi American Standard koma imasiyana pang'ono mu kukula.
Malangizo Osankha Zinthu Zofunika Kwambiri
- Ikani patsogolo mapaipi a American Standard pamapulojekiti apadziko lonse lapansi; onetsetsani kuti satifiketi ya NPS, Sch series, ndi zinthu zikugwirizana ndi zofunikira za ASTM.
- Ikani patsogolo mapaipi a Chinese Standard pamapulojekiti am'nyumba chifukwa cha mtengo wotsika komanso kupezeka kokwanira kwa zida zothandizira.
- Musasakanize mwachindunji mapaipi a American Standard ndi Chinese Standard, makamaka pa maulumikizidwe a flange—kusagwirizana kwa mawonekedwe kungayambitse kulephera kutseka.
Ndikhoza kupereka tebulo losinthira la ma specifications a mapaipi wamba (American Standard NPS vs. Chinese Standard DN) kuti zithandize kusankha ndi kusintha mwachangu. Kodi mungafune?
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-15-2025